All errata/sisyphus/ALT-PU-2017-1240-2
ALT-PU-2017-1240-2

Package update libxml2 in branch sisyphus

Version2.9.4.0.12.e905-alt1
Task#179126
Published2026-02-04
Max severityCRITICAL
Severity:

Closed issues (43)

BDU:2016-00572
MEDIUM4.3

Уязвимость библиотеки libxml2, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании

Published: 2016-03-17Modified: 2021-03-23
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
References
BDU:2016-00846
CRITICAL10.0

Уязвимость браузера Safari, операционных систем Mac OS X и iOS, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-04-06Modified: 2025-12-19
CVSS 2.0CRITICAL 10.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
References
BDU:2016-01376
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость операционных систем iOS и Mac OS X, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2016-01377
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость операционных систем iOS и Mac OS X, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2016-01378
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость операционных систем iOS и Mac OS X, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2016-01379
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость операционных систем iOS и Mac OS X, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2016-01380
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость операционных систем iOS и Mac OS X, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2016-01381
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость операционных систем iOS и Mac OS X, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2016-01382
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость операционных систем iOS и Mac OS X, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2025-12-05
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 6.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2016-01383
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость операционных систем iOS и Mac OS X, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или выполнить произвольный код

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 6.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2016-01650
MEDIUM5.0

Уязвимость библиотеки libxml2, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании

Published: 2016-07-19Modified: 2021-03-23
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 5.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
References
BDU:2018-00090
CRITICAL9.8

Уязвимость макроса NEXTL парсера xml-файлов (parser.c) библиотеки libxml2, позволяющая нарушителю внедрить XML-сущности

Published: 2018-01-24Modified: 2021-03-23
CVSS 3.xCRITICAL 9.8
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2018-01270
HIGH7.5

Уязвимость функций xmlParserEntityCheck и xmlParseAttValueComplex библиотеки libxml2, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании

Published: 2018-10-30Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C
References
BDU:2018-01271
HIGH7.5

Уязвимость функции xmlStringGetNodeList библиотеки libxml2, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании

Published: 2018-10-30Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C
References
BDU:2018-01272
HIGH7.3

Уязвимость функции xmlStringLenDecodeEntities (parser.c) библиотеки libxml2, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании или раскрыть защищаемую информацию

Published: 2018-10-30Modified: 2024-11-28
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.3
CVSS:3.x/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:N/A:C
References
BDU:2019-00235
CRITICAL9.8

Уязвимость компонента xmlParsePEReference библиотеки для работы с XML и HTML файлами libxml2, позволяющая нарушителю выполнить произвольный код или вызвать отказ в обслуживании

Published: 2019-01-23Modified: 2021-03-23
CVSS 3.xCRITICAL 9.8
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
References
BDU:2021-03125
CRITICAL9.8

Уязвимость библиотеки libxml2 операционных систем iPhoneOS, tvOS, watchOS, macOS, позволяющая нарушителю оказать воздействие на конфиденциальность, целостность и доступность защищаемой информации

Published: 2021-06-23
CVSS 3.xCRITICAL 9.8
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 2.0CRITICAL 10.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
References
BDU:2023-00219
HIGH7.5

Уязвимость компонента parser.c библиотеки Libxml2, позволяющая нарушителю вызвать отказ в обслуживании

Published: 2023-01-20Modified: 2025-10-24
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C
References
CVE-2015-8806
HIGH7.5

dict.c in libxml2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via an unexpected character immediately after the "
Published: 2016-04-13Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 5.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References

CVE-2016-1762
HIGH8.1

The xmlNextChar function in libxml2 before 2.9.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-03-24Modified: 2025-12-17
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 5.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 8.1
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-1833
MEDIUM5.5

The htmlCurrentChar function in libxml2 before 2.9.4, as used in Apple iOS before 9.3.2, OS X before 10.11.5, tvOS before 9.2.1, and watchOS before 2.2.1, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-20Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xMEDIUM 5.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-1834
HIGH7.8

Heap-based buffer overflow in the xmlStrncat function in libxml2 before 2.9.4, as used in Apple iOS before 9.3.2, OS X before 10.11.5, tvOS before 9.2.1, and watchOS before 2.2.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-20Modified: 2025-12-04
CVSS 2.0CRITICAL 9.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.8
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
CVE-2016-1835
HIGH8.8

Use-after-free vulnerability in the xmlSAX2AttributeNs function in libxml2 before 2.9.4, as used in Apple iOS before 9.3.2 and OS X before 10.11.5, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-20Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 6.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 8.8
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
CVE-2016-1836
MEDIUM5.5

Use-after-free vulnerability in the xmlDictComputeFastKey function in libxml2 before 2.9.4, as used in Apple iOS before 9.3.2, OS X before 10.11.5, tvOS before 9.2.1, and watchOS before 2.2.1, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-20Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xMEDIUM 5.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-1837
MEDIUM5.5

Multiple use-after-free vulnerabilities in the (1) htmlPArsePubidLiteral and (2) htmlParseSystemiteral functions in libxml2 before 2.9.4, as used in Apple iOS before 9.3.2, OS X before 10.11.5, tvOS before 9.2.1, and watchOS before 2.2.1, allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-20Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xMEDIUM 5.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-1838
MEDIUM5.5

The xmlPArserPrintFileContextInternal function in libxml2 before 2.9.4, as used in Apple iOS before 9.3.2, OS X before 10.11.5, tvOS before 9.2.1, and watchOS before 2.2.1, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-20Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xMEDIUM 5.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-1839
MEDIUM5.5

The xmlDictAddString function in libxml2 before 2.9.4, as used in Apple iOS before 9.3.2, OS X before 10.11.5, tvOS before 9.2.1, and watchOS before 2.2.1, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-20Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xMEDIUM 5.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-1840
HIGH7.8

Heap-based buffer overflow in the xmlFAParsePosCharGroup function in libxml2 before 2.9.4, as used in Apple iOS before 9.3.2, OS X before 10.11.5, tvOS before 9.2.1, and watchOS before 2.2.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-20Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 6.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.8
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
CVE-2016-2073
MEDIUM6.5

The htmlParseNameComplex function in HTMLparser.c in libxml2 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-02-12Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xMEDIUM 6.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-3627
HIGH7.5

The xmlStringGetNodeList function in tree.c in libxml2 2.9.3 and earlier, when used in recovery mode, allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite recursion, stack consumption, and application crash) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-05-17Modified: 2025-12-04
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 5.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-3705
HIGH7.5

The (1) xmlParserEntityCheck and (2) xmlParseAttValueComplex functions in parser.c in libxml2 2.9.3 do not properly keep track of the recursion depth, which allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (stack consumption and application crash) via a crafted XML document containing a large number of nested entity references.

Published: 2016-05-17Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 5.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-4449
HIGH7.1

XML external entity (XXE) vulnerability in the xmlStringLenDecodeEntities function in parser.c in libxml2 before 2.9.4, when not in validating mode, allows context-dependent attackers to read arbitrary files or cause a denial of service (resource consumption) via unspecified vectors.

Published: 2016-06-09Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 5.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.1
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-4483
HIGH7.5

The xmlBufAttrSerializeTxtContent function in xmlsave.c in libxml2 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a non-UTF-8 attribute value, related to serialization. NOTE: this vulnerability may be a duplicate of CVE-2016-3627.

Published: 2017-04-11Modified: 2025-04-20
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 5.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-4658
CRITICAL9.8

xpointer.c in libxml2 before 2.9.5 (as used in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3, and other products) does not forbid namespace nodes in XPointer ranges, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (use-after-free and memory corruption) via a crafted XML document.

Published: 2016-09-25Modified: 2025-04-12
CVSS 2.0CRITICAL 10.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
CVSS 3.xCRITICAL 9.8
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
CVE-2016-5131
HIGH8.8

Use-after-free vulnerability in libxml2 through 2.9.4, as used in Google Chrome before 52.0.2743.82, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors related to the XPointer range-to function.

Published: 2016-07-23Modified: 2025-12-04
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 6.8
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 8.8
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
CVE-2016-9596
MEDIUM6.5

libxml2, as used in Red Hat JBoss Core Services and when in recovery mode, allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (stack consumption) via a crafted XML document. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incorrect fix for CVE-2016-3627.

Published: 2018-08-16Modified: 2024-11-21
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xMEDIUM 6.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2016-9598
MEDIUM6.5

libxml2, as used in Red Hat JBoss Core Services, allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted XML document. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of a missing fix for CVE-2016-4483.

Published: 2018-08-16Modified: 2024-11-21
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 4.3
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xMEDIUM 6.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2017-16931
CRITICAL9.8

parser.c in libxml2 before 2.9.5 mishandles parameter-entity references because the NEXTL macro calls the xmlParserHandlePEReference function in the case of a '%' character in a DTD name.

Published: 2017-11-23Modified: 2025-04-20
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
CVSS 3.xCRITICAL 9.8
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
CVE-2017-16932
HIGH7.5

parser.c in libxml2 before 2.9.5 does not prevent infinite recursion in parameter entities.

Published: 2017-11-23Modified: 2026-01-22
CVSS 2.0MEDIUM 5.0
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
CVE-2017-7375
CRITICAL9.8

A flaw in libxml2 allows remote XML entity inclusion with default parser flags (i.e., when the caller did not request entity substitution, DTD validation, external DTD subset loading, or default DTD attributes). Depending on the context, this may expose a higher-risk attack surface in libxml2 not usually reachable with default parser flags, and expose content from local files, HTTP, or FTP servers (which might be otherwise unreachable).

Published: 2018-02-19Modified: 2025-12-03
CVSS 2.0HIGH 7.5
CVSS:2.0/AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
CVSS 3.xCRITICAL 9.8
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
GHSA-7hp2-xwpj-95jq
HIGH7.5

Denial of service or RCE from libxml2 and libxslt

Published: 2018-09-18Modified: 2023-06-30
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References
GHSA-fr52-4hqw-p27f
CRITICAL9.8

Nokogiri does not forbid namespace nodes in XPointer ranges

Published: 2018-08-21Modified: 2022-04-26
CVSS 3.xCRITICAL 9.8
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
GHSA-x2fm-93ww-ggvx
HIGH7.5

Nokogiri gem, via libxml, is affected by DoS vulnerabilities

Published: 2022-05-13Modified: 2023-06-10
CVSS 3.xHIGH 7.5
CVSS:3.x/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
References